FR429, an ellagitannin (a sort of polyphenol), is remoted and purified from Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham.ex D. Don which is the unique natural drugs of the “Re-Lin-Qing” system used clinically to deal with urinary tract an infection in China. FR429 has been investigated for its antitumor potential in tumor-bearing nude mice in vivo, however its in vitro anti-tumor impact in hepatoma cell strains was low. Thus, it was of our curiosity to analyze its metabolism pathways for supporting its in vivo antitumor potential. The metabolic profiles of FR429 have been studied in vitro by liquid chromatography coupled to ion lure time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Whole eight metabolites have been recognized in rat and human liver microsomes, cytosol, and rat main hepatocytes in vitro.
Ellagic acid, a reported anti-angiogenic agent, was one of many most important metabolites in these organic matrices. Methylated metabolites catalyzed by catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) have been noticed primarily within the in vitro incubation with rat liver cytosol, which was verified by utilizing a COMT particular inhibitor entacapone and supported by molecular docking evaluation. Methylated and sulfated metabolites have been additionally present in rat main hepatocytes in a time-dependent method. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolism pathways of FR429 have been hydrolysis, methylation and sulfation. The anti-tumor results of its main metabolites must be additional studied.
The metabolism of the fragrant amine 1,3-diaminobenzene (MPD) was studied in vitro by use of the perfused rat liver, main rat hepatocyte cultures and hepatic rat microsomes. The metabolites shaped have been in contrast with urinary metabolites excreted by the rat in vivo. Metabolites of [(14)C]MPD excreted by the perfused liver have been discovered to be equivalent with urinary excreted metabolites in vivo, three of which have been discovered to correlate with the N-acetylated derivatives N,N’-diacetyl-1,3-diaminobenzene, N,N’-diacetyl-2,4-diaminophenol and N-acetyl-1,3-diaminobenzene.
Additionally, the first hepatocyte cultures shaped the metabolites discovered within the urine. Nonetheless, a number of different metabolites, together with some glucuronic acid conjugates, may very well be detected within the tradition medium. In distinction to the perfused liver and the first hepatocyte cultures, a reconstituted microsomal system was unable to type any of the metabolites shaped by the opposite in vitro fashions and in vivo.
Inhibition of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase by tannic acid in rat liver microsomes and first hepatocytes: methodological artifacts and utility to ischemia-reperfusion damage.
Tannic acid (TA) inhibits nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) exercise, which is measured by discount of cytochrome c, in rat liver microsomes (RLMs). Within the present examine, we observed that TA immediately reduces cytochrome c within the absence of microsomes, thus confounding the CPR exercise assay. A way is offered that measures CPR exercise within the presence of TA by subtracting the cytochrome c discount within the absence of NADPH (TA impact) from that within the presence of NADPH (TA plus CPR impact).
The strategy was used to find out the inhibitory impact of TA in RLMs, recombinant CPR enzyme, and first hepatocytes. Moreover, utility of TA in a examine of position of CPR in a main rat hepatocyte mannequin of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) was investigated. TA confirmed concentration-dependent, full inhibition of CPR with half maximal inhibitory focus (IC(50) ) values of 58.2 μM in RLMs and 54.6 and 275 μM in main rat hepatocytes within the absence and presence of serum within the medium, respectively. Moreover, inhibition of CPR by TA was related to a major discount in reactive oxygen species and cell dying after IR damage. These information could also be helpful in future research utilizing TA as an inhibitor of CPR in microsomes and first hepatocytes.
Comparative metabolism of 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene in female and male mouse, rat, canine, and human liver microsomes and cytosol and male rat hepatocytes by way of oxidative dehalogenation and glutathione S-conjugation pathways.
In vitro metabolism of 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (PFP) was investigated within the current examine. PFP was metabolized by way of cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidative dehalogenation in liver microsomes and glutathione transferase (GST)-catalyzed conjugation in liver microsomes and cytosol. Two oxidation merchandise, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropionaldehyde (TPA) and three,3,3-trifluoropyruvaldehyde (TFPA), and two GSH conjugates, S-(2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropenyl)-GSH (TFPG) and S-(1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)-GSH (PFPG) have been recognized. Enzyme kinetic parameters for the formation of TFPA, TFPG, and PFPG have been obtained in female and male rat, mouse, canine, and human liver microsomes and cytosol and have been confirmed utilizing freshly remoted male rat hepatocytes.
For the TFPA pathway, canine microsomes exhibited a lot bigger Okay(m) values than rat, mouse, and human microsomes. Intercourse variations within the charges of metabolism inside a given species have been minor and usually have been lower than 2-fold. Throughout the species, liver microsomes have been the first subcellular fraction for GSH S-conjugation and the obvious response charges for the formation of TFPG have been a lot better than these for PFPG in liver microsomes. PFPG was unstable and had a half-life of roughly 3.9 h in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.Four and 37°C).
 Clofibrate |
|
B3610-5.1 |
ApexBio |
10 mM (in 1mL DMSO) |
EUR 44 |
|
|
|
Description: Metabolism|PPAR |
Clofibrate |
|
B3610-5000 |
ApexBio |
5 g |
EUR 44 |
|
|
|
Description: Metabolism|PPAR |
Clofibrate |
|
HY-B0287 |
MedChemExpress |
500mg |
EUR 59.52 |
|
Description: Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ∼500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ∼500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively. |
Clofibrate |
|
MBS3605415-5x100mg |
MyBiosource |
5x100mg |
EUR 580 |
Clofibrate |
|
MBS386491-5x500mg |
MyBiosource |
5x500mg |
EUR 600 |
 Clofibrate-d4 |
|
HY-B0287S |
MedChemExpress |
1 mg |
Ask for price |
|
Description: Clofibrate-d4 is the deuterium labeled Clofibrate. Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ∼500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ∼500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively. |
 Lysine clofibrate |
|
MBS5782618-INQUIRE |
MyBiosource |
INQUIRE |
Ask for price |
Lysine clofibrate |
|
T33053-10mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
10mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Lysine clofibrate |
Lysine clofibrate |
|
T33053-1g |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1g |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Lysine clofibrate |
Lysine clofibrate |
|
T33053-1mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Lysine clofibrate |
Lysine clofibrate |
|
T33053-50mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
50mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Lysine clofibrate |
Lysine clofibrate |
|
T33053-5mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
5mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Lysine clofibrate |
 Clofibrate antibody |
|
70-1054 |
Fitzgerald |
250 ul |
EUR 330 |
|
|
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Clofibrate antibody |
Clofibrate antibody |
|
70-1055 |
Fitzgerald |
50 ul |
EUR 330 |
|
|
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Clofibrate antibody |
) Clofibrate (Standard) |
|
HY-B0287R |
MedChemExpress |
100 mg |
EUR 54.11 |
|
Description: Clofibrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clofibrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ～500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ～500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively. |
Clofibrate antibody |
|
MBS5302854-025mL |
MyBiosource |
0.25mL |
EUR 595 |
Clofibrate antibody |
|
MBS5302854-5x025mL |
MyBiosource |
5x0.25mL |
EUR 2530 |
Clofibrate antibody |
|
MBS839900-005mL |
MyBiosource |
0.05mL |
EUR 595 |
Clofibrate antibody |
|
MBS839900-5x05mL |
MyBiosource |
5x0.5mL |
EUR 2530 |
 Aluminium clofibrate |
|
T21243-10mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
10mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Aluminium clofibrate |
Aluminium clofibrate |
|
T21243-1g |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1g |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Aluminium clofibrate |
Aluminium clofibrate |
|
T21243-1mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Aluminium clofibrate |
Aluminium clofibrate |
|
T21243-50mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
50mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Aluminium clofibrate |
Aluminium clofibrate |
|
T21243-5mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
5mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Aluminium clofibrate |
 Etofylline clofibrate |
|
HY-107348 |
MedChemExpress |
10 mg |
EUR 378.79 |
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate has ypolipidemic and antithrombotic effect. Etofylline clofibrate has an agonistic interaction with intimal PGI2[1]. |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
MBS5754846-200mg |
MyBiosource |
200mg |
EUR 990 |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
MBS5754846-5x200mg |
MyBiosource |
5x200mg |
EUR 4300 |
 Aluminimum clofibrate |
|
MBS5772959-5mg |
MyBiosource |
5mg |
EUR 915 |
Aluminimum clofibrate |
|
MBS5772959-5x5mg |
MyBiosource |
5x5mg |
EUR 3970 |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
T15256-10mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
10mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
T15256-1g |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1g |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
T15256-1mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
T15256-50mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
50mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate |
Etofylline clofibrate |
|
T15256-5mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
5mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Etofylline clofibrate |
 Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
MBS5780598-INQUIRE |
MyBiosource |
INQUIRE |
Ask for price |
Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
T30976-10mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
10mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Clofibrate mercapturate |
Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
T30976-1g |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1g |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Clofibrate mercapturate |
Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
T30976-1mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
1mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Clofibrate mercapturate |
Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
T30976-50mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
50mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Clofibrate mercapturate |
Clofibrate mercapturate |
|
T30976-5mg |
TargetMol Chemicals |
5mg |
Ask for price |
|
|
|
Description: Clofibrate mercapturate |
 Rabbit anti Clofibrate |
|
MBS570420-05mL |
MyBiosource |
0.5mL |
EUR 660 |
Rabbit anti Clofibrate |
|
MBS570420-5x05mL |
MyBiosource |
5x0.5mL |
EUR 2815 |
Rabbit anti Clofibrate |
|
MBS570429-01mL |
MyBiosource |
0.1mL |
EUR 660 |
Rabbit anti Clofibrate |
|
MBS570429-5x01mL |
MyBiosource |
5x0.1mL |
EUR 2815 |
-2-methylpropionate)) Clofibrate-d4 (Ethyl Clofibrate-d4, Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy-d4)-2-methylpropionate) |
|
MBS6092206-1mg |
MyBiosource |
1(mg |
EUR 605 |
Clofibrate-d4 (Ethyl Clofibrate-d4, Ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy-d4)-2-methylpropionate) |
|
MBS6092206-5x1mg |
MyBiosource |
5x1mg |
EUR 2565 |
 Microsomes, Pyridine Induced Rat Liver |
|
MBS480527-02mg |
MyBiosource |
0.2mg |
EUR 170 |
Microsomes, Pyridine Induced Rat Liver |
|
MBS480527-5x02mg |
MyBiosource |
5x0.2mg |
EUR 560 |
 Microsomes, Dexamethasone Induced Rat Liver |
|
MBS480528-02mg |
MyBiosource |
0.2mg |
EUR 170 |
Microsomes, Dexamethasone Induced Rat Liver |
|
MBS480528-5x02mg |
MyBiosource |
5x0.2mg |
EUR 560 |
 Clofibride |
|
HY-119524 |
MedChemExpress |
Get quote |
Ask for price |
|
Description: Clofibride is an orally active hypolipaemic agent of pchlorophenoxyisobutyric type. Clofibride has weak toxicity and marked hypocholesterolaemic and hypotriglyceridaemic activity. Clofibride is converted into 4-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (CPIB) and 4-hydroxy-N-dimethylbutyramide (HMB) in vivo[1]. |
Clofibride |
|
MBS5780599-5x5mg |
MyBiosource |
5x5(mg |
EUR 3970 |
 Clofibric Acid |
|
B1711-5.1 |
ApexBio |
10 mM (in 1mL DMSO) |
EUR 44 |
|
|
|
Description: PPAR agonist |
Clofibric Acid |
|
B1711-50 |
ApexBio |
50 mg |
EUR 40 |
|
|
|
Description: PPAR agonist |
 Clofibric acid |
|
MBS575314-100mg |
MyBiosource |
100mg |
EUR 145 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS575314-200mg |
MyBiosource |
200mg |
EUR 160 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS575314-5x200mg |
MyBiosource |
5x200mg |
EUR 560 |
Clofibric Acid |
|
MBS3841695-100mg |
MyBiosource |
100mg |
EUR 130 |
Clofibric Acid |
|
MBS3841695-250mg |
MyBiosource |
250mg |
EUR 170 |
Clofibric Acid |
|
MBS3841695-5x250mg |
MyBiosource |
5x250mg |
EUR 755 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS3606392-100mg |
MyBiosource |
100mg |
EUR 200 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS3606392-200mg |
MyBiosource |
200mg |
EUR 220 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS3606392-50mg |
MyBiosource |
50mg |
EUR 195 |
Clofibric acid |
|
MBS3606392-5x200mg |
MyBiosource |
5x200mg |
EUR 680 |
Clofibric Acid |
|
MBS6036179-100mg |
MyBiosource |
100(mg |
EUR 485 |
Clofibric Acid |
|
MBS6036179-5x100mg |
MyBiosource |
5x100mg |
EUR 2025 |
 Rat Prolactin Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
|
IRTPIPKT |
Innovative research |
each |
EUR 862 |
|
|
|
Description: Rat Prolactin Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
 Protein) Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
20-abx068687 |
Abbexa |
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
|
- 10 ug
- 50 ug
- 100 ug
- 200 ug
- 1 mg
|
|
|
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
abx068687-20g |
Abbexa |
20 µg |
EUR 412.5 |
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
abx068687-5g |
Abbexa |
5 µg |
EUR 225 |
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
abx165970-100g |
Abbexa |
100 µg |
EUR 587.5 |
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
20-abx165970 |
Abbexa |
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
-
Ask for price
|
- 10 ug
- 50 ug
- 100 ug
- 200 ug
- 1 mg
|
|
|
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
abx165970-10g |
Abbexa |
10 µg |
EUR 225 |
Rat Prolactin Induced Protein (PIP) Protein |
|
abx165970-50g |
Abbexa |
50 µg |
EUR 412.5 |
 Rat Dexamethasone Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
|
MBS048685-10x96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
10x96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 6725 |
Rat Dexamethasone Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
|
MBS048685-48StripWells |
MyBiosource |
48-Strip-Wells |
EUR 550 |
Rat Dexamethasone Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
|
MBS048685-5x96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
5x96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 3420 |
Rat Dexamethasone Induced Protein ELISA Kit |
|
MBS048685-96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 765 |
 Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E01A14494 |
BlueGene |
96T |
EUR 700 |
|
Description: ELISA |
Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E02M0027-192T |
BlueGene |
192 tests |
EUR 1524 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E02M0027-48 |
BlueGene |
1 plate of 48 wells |
EUR 624 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E02M0027-48wellsplate |
BlueGene |
48 wells plate |
EUR 280 |
Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E02M0027-96 |
BlueGene |
1 plate of 96 wells |
EUR 822 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat MYC induced nuclear antigen ELISA kit |
|
E02M0027-96wellsplate |
BlueGene |
96 wells plate |
EUR 405 |
 Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E01A8961 |
BlueGene |
96T |
EUR 700 |
|
Description: ELISA |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E02A0494-192T |
BlueGene |
192 tests |
EUR 1524 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E02A0494-48 |
BlueGene |
1 plate of 48 wells |
EUR 624 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E02A0494-48wellsplate |
BlueGene |
48 wells plate |
EUR 280 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E02A0494-96 |
BlueGene |
1 plate of 96 wells |
EUR 822 |
|
|
|
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA kit |
|
E02A0494-96wellsplate |
BlueGene |
96 wells plate |
EUR 405 |
 Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS011358-10x96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
10x96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 6725 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS011358-48StripWells |
MyBiosource |
48-Strip-Wells |
EUR 550 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS011358-5x96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
5x96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 3420 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS011358-96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 765 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS731506-10x96StripWells |
MyBiosource |
10x96-Strip-Wells |
EUR 5685 |
Rat Androgen Induced Protein 1 ELISA Kit |
|
MBS731506-48StripWells |
MyBiosource |
48-Strip-Wells |
EUR 485 |
The intrinsic clearance values for the formation of TFPA have been a lot better than these for the formation of GSH S-conjugates, suggesting that cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation is the first pathway for the metabolism of PFP at comparatively low PFP concentrations. As a result of saturation of the GST-mediated reactions was not reached on the highest potential PFP focus, GSH S-conjugation might develop into a way more necessary pathway at increased PFP concentrations (relative to the Okay(m) for TFPA).
